What is the difference between an analog signal and a digital signal?

The correct choice highlights a fundamental distinction between analog and digital signals. Analog signals are characterized by their representation of data as continuous waves, which means that they can take on an infinite number of values within a given range. This property makes them ideal for capturing and transmitting information like sound, light, and temperature in a format that closely resembles natural phenomena.

On the other hand, digital signals represent data through discrete values, typically using binary code (0s and 1s). This allows for greater accuracy and the ability to process the information with computers and other digital devices. Because digital signals are made up of distinct units, they can be easily manipulated, compressed, and transmitted without the degradation that can occur in analog signals.

This understanding is crucial for appreciating how technology has evolved, particularly in telecommunications, where digital methods have led to enhanced quality, security, and flexibility in communication.